Nike Ethical Dilemma

Ethical dilemma is an issue involving moral principles with no right or wrong. There will always have debates on whether one matter is considered being right or to some people’s perspective, it might be wrong. Take for example in Singapore, many people will be against the idea of abortion as it is the same as murder. However, there are also some who are not against the idea. In fact, abortions were considered legal so long the pregnancy does not exceed 6 months.It actually depends on one’s conscience and moral to how they look at the matter. In this paper, the ethical issues we will be covering will be on Nike child labour. NIKE inc, a well-known brand in the market that specialize in sporting goods has been reported that the manufacturer engaged, were using children as labour from as young as 10 year of age. These children were for the making of sporting equipments such as soccer ball, shoes and clothes in Pakistan and Cambodia. Using children as labour were seemed mor ally wrong for many people.It is considered as exploitation of children as they were deprived of their educational and individual rights. However, in the eye of the developing countries, known as â€Å"third-world countries†, child labors were seen perfectly fine with various reasons behind their point of views. The main factor contributing to child labour was mainly due to the poverty face in these developing countries. These children worked so in order to earn money to support their families where parents do not earn enough to support the families (Catherine, 2010).Therefore, there are no doubt these children was not send to school for appropriate education. From the business point of views, is Nike wrong by engaging these manufacturers for the production of sporting products? Well, it depends. Firstly, strictly from business point of view, the manufacturer has an agreement with Nike. This means the manufacturer has to fulfill the amount of soccer balls to be ready for sale at an agreed time or within a time frame.Nike main concern was the final product, soccer ball, and had no wish to interfere or rather was unaware of the working situation in Pakistan In support of the unawareness of the labour, report have shown that one of the manufacturers such as Saga Sports was secretly outsourcing many balls to casual worker where sewing of these balls took place in their homes in which Nike were unaware of, thus, monitoring and keeping track of the labour situation be extremely difficult (Clark, 2006). Children ages were also easily forged since birth records do not exist in Pakistan. As such, Nike ight have employed them according to the information given to them which they assume is correct and real. From another point of view, Nike was actually providing job opportunities to the developing countries where their culture encourages children to start working as early as the age of 10 due to insufficient money earn from parents to support the families. In this point of view, Nike actually did a great help in term of improving the country poverty condition. I believe that the culture and the practices of child labour in Pakistan were present way before Nike was involved. Read also â€Å"Glengarry Glen Ross†Ã‚   by David MametSo, technically speaking, Nike was not wrong to employ this manufacturer as Nike could not and will not have control over these cultural issues. In this case, Nike does not have sufficient good reason to terminate the services of these manufacturers and therefore, Nike strictly were evaluating manufacturer based on their supply chain performance. All other issues such as the age group to use for labour, Nike technically speaking can choose not to interfere in the child labour issue even if it has the power or discretion to do so.Therefore, Nike does not seem to be morally wrong in the continuation of partnership with the manufacturer in Pakistan. Take a look from another perspective, Nike may be morally wrong for the partnership with these suppliers. As everyone is aware, children should be receiving proper education when they are young and not working. Nike action has not only tarnished their images but as well sending a message globally, in supporting the use of children as labour in these developing countries should Nike continue to engage these manufacturers.It is definitely an ethical dilemma in a business situation with the strong reasons on both sides on the employment of these manufacturers. Nike has to make a decision somehow. 2. Proposed Solution The proposed solution was to implement a manufacturer selection system where Nike could place emphasis on the labour selection, specifically, the age group. The purpose of the selection systems was to ensure that no children were to be use in these manufacturing factories.Terms and condition will be stated in the agreement contract where Nike has the rights to take legal action against manufacturer when contract were breach. Nike should also closely monitor the labour situation by conducting regular checks at factories so as to ensure that the standard sets were follow. Auditor and representative from Nike could conduct surprise check on these fact ories with goals to prevent or reduced manufacturer from deviating from the agreement on the labour requirement.Towards the extreme side, Nike has the right to terminate manufacturer that has repeatedly not adhere to the agreement signed. It 2006, Nike terminated one of the manufacturer in Pakistan namely, Saga Sports after a six month investigation revealed of the non-compliance of the labour standard and requirement set by Nike. With the various proposed solution and some measurements to take into consideration, Nike could definitely enjoy the benefit of outsourcing and at the same time not destroying the children bright futures.

Interpersonal conflict in the movie “Hitch Essay

Conflict between people is a part of life and it is not necessarily a bad thing. I believe a relationship with frequent conflict may be healthier than one that seems to completely perfect or does not have any observable conflict. Conflicts can occur at many different levels of interaction, work, among friends, family members, and intimate relationships. When conflict occurs a relationship can be weakened or strengthened depending on the conflict and its resolution. Thus, conflict is a very critical event in the course of any relationship. Conflict can cause resentment, hostility, and perhaps end a relationship if it is handled poorly. However, conflict can be productive, lead to deeper understanding, mutual respect and closeness if it is handled well. I believe that the determination of whether a relationship is healthy or unhealthy does not depend on the number of conflicts between people, but on how the conflicts are handled and resolved. In the movie Hitch (Mordaunt & Tadross, 2005) I noticed the interpersonal conflict of lack of communication between the character Alex (Hitch) and Sara. In the movie they started to date and really got to like each other however, they both failed to disclose some very personal and important facts about one another. The most important thing in a healthy relationship is good communication and self –disclosure which both parties failed to do effectively. Both parties were dodging around the true aspects of their jobs. However, they were both very cautious about what they told each other and this eventually created a big problem in their relationship. The conflict actually started when a friend of Sara’s fills like she was dumped by her boyfriend due to the advice of a date specialist known as the â€Å"Date Doctor†. Sara later finds out that the man that she has a relationship with (Hitch) is the â€Å"date doctor†. Sara confronts Hitch and ask him if he is  indeed the â€Å"date doctor† he confirms that he is and tries to explain to her what he does. She refuses to listen and the fight begins. When she calms down and tries to talk to him he blows her off and refuses to listen. Finally, in the end they work things out. I believe that if Sara had been more open and really disclosed what she was trying to do they could have avoided the conflict that happened between them. Hitch could have been more open about what his job really consisted of and this may have given her more understanding on what he tries to do for people. The conflict may have been avoided if after Sara found out that he was the â€Å"date doctor† she had given time to explain and may have been reassured he was not trying to hurt people but make love connections. Instead they both chose to be stubborn and not communicate with other causing a lot of hurt and misunderstanding in their relationship. It is our interest to maintain relationships that are smooth, flexible, and mutually enhancing. The problem occurs when we fail to use cooperative approaches in our dealings with others. People do not create conflict intentionally. It sometimes happens because we are not aware of how our own behavior contributes to interpersonal problems. Sometimes we feel so exasperated that we focus on our own needs at expense of others. Then we find ourselves in conflict within our relationships. To prevent conflict from happening it is important to identify the ways in which we contribute to the disagreement and work on how you say things. Have a discussion (listen) to understand both sides of the problem and try to resolve it. In a relationship a person should be ready, willing and able to communicate their inner thoughts and feelings to one another. Communication is a key role in any healthy relationship, whether it is platonic, or intimate. RESOURCES www.livestrong.com/article/157478 www.drbalternatives.com/articles/cc2.html Mordaunt, W. Tadross, M. (Executive Producers), & Tennant, A. (Director). (2005). Hitch [Film]. Los Angeles: Sony Pictures

A Look at the Biological Variances of Different Primate Groups

A Look at the Biological Variances of Different Primate Groups The evolution of primates arose from the ancestors who used to live in tropical forests. Thus the characteristics of species diversity regarding non-human primates represent their adaptions to life in this uncertain environment (Kinzey, 2012). However, the species of most primates remains partially arboreal except for the human beings, who inhabit almost every part of the continent, whereas most non-human primates live in Africa and Asia’s tropical regions (Abee, 2012). Non-human primates exhibit a wide range of characteristics. For instance, some primates such as the baboons and the great apes are predominantly terrestrial rather than arboreal. However, all species diversity regarding non-human primate possess adaptations for climbing trees. Some of the locomotive techniques exhibited by the non-human primates include knuckle-walking and swinging from one branch of the tree to the other (Kinzey, 2012). Additionally, the non-human primates are usually characterized by exceptional intelligence and better reliance on stereoscopic vision as a result of their dominant sensory system. However, exceptional intelligence and better reliance on stereoscopic traits are more advanced on great apes and monkeys and less notable in lemurs and the lorises (Abee, 2012). The three-color visual abilities and the sexuality dimorphic such as the body mass, the size of the canine tooth and the coloration also differs among species diversity with regards to non-human primates. Thus, primates with greater sizes have a slower rate of development to reach maturity and a longer lifespan, unlike those with smaller weights (Kinzey, 2012). Primates range in different sizes with regards to the particular species classification they belong in. For instance, the weight of the Madame Bertha’s mouse Lemur is about 30 grams in contrast to over 440lbs weight of the Eastern Gorillas (Platt Ghazanfar, 2010).Therefore, according to the fossil evidence, the genus species of Teilhardina was the earliest known trues non-human primates dated to over 55.8 million years old (Kinzey, 2012). Traditionally, the order of the non-human primates was categorized into two major groupings which include the prosimians and the anthropoids. The character traits of the prosimians are similar to those of the earliest primates such as the lorisoids, tarsiers and the Madagascar (Platt Ghazanfar, 2010). The category groupings of the anthropoids include the monkeys, apes and the hominins. However, the recent taxonomists have preferred to split the species diversity regarding non-human primates further into Strepsirrhini and the suborder Haplorhini. Strepsirrhini is the wet-nosed primates, and they majorly consist of the non-tarsier prosimians. On the other hand, suborder Haplorhini represents the dry-nosed primates such as simians and tarsiers. Additionally, simians are further classified into two groups which include the catarrhine and the platyrrhine (Tomasello Call, 2013). Catarrhine are the narrow-nosed monkeys and apes of tropical regions of Africa and the Southeast parts of Asia which includes the baboons, macaques, and gibbons. On the contrary, platyrrhine is the flat-nosed simians of the South and the Middle Americas tropical and subtropical regions. The platyrrhine consists of new world monkeys such as the howler, squirrel monkeys and the capuchin (Platt Ghazanfar, 2010). The classification of primate lineage is divided into six significant superfamilies which include the Lemuroidea, Lorisoidia, and Tarsioidea. Additionally, the Ceboidea, Cercopithecoidea, and Hominoidea are among the six significant superfamilies of the primate lineage (Tomasello Call, 2013). The family of Lemuroidea is characterized by closely spaced projecting canines and a claw on their second toes as opposed to the nail. Therefore, Lemuroidea consists of both woolly and sportive lemurs and the allies (Tomasello Call, 2013). Contrary to Lemuroidea, Lorisoidea primates are characterized very long legs and nails and large feet, hands, ears, and eyes. Most primates in Lorisoidea lineage are quadrupeds, and thus they include bush babies, lorises, and pottos (Kinzey, 2012). On the other hand, Tarsioidea is characterized leaping and clinging to vertical branches of trees and their nocturnal activity patterns. Tarsioidea primates consist of Tarsius eocaenus and the Hesperotarsius thailandicus (Tomasello Call, 2013). Cercopithecoidea, Ceboidea and the Hominoidea primates lived over 55 million years ago and consequently forms a single clade on the evolutionary stages of species diversity regarding non-human primates. Ceboidea is characterized by round and forward-facing nostrils and the upper and lower premolars on each side such as the squirrel and capuchin monkeys (Platt Ghazanfar, 2010). On the contrary, Cercopithecoidea includes the baboons and macaques which exhibits unique molar shapes and bilophodont. Finally, Hominoidea is mostly omnivorous primates, and thus have an excellent adaptation for chewing and digesting. Hominoidea primates consist of gorillas, chimpanzees, and orangutans (Tomasello Call, 2013). Although pro-simians and great apes are frequently used interchangeably, theyre not the same according to the scientific point of view. Pro-simians and Great apes are among the non-human primates that have evolved differently, with each exhibiting different physical and mental characteristics. However, they somewhat share similar traits, such as they are both from the same Animalia kingdom, mammal class and order of primates. Additionally, they all come from the same Haplorhini suborder and the simiiformes suborder (Abee, 2012). In as much as the pro-simians and the great apes shares similar traits, they also have different characteristics. Although pro-simians can communicate with each other, great apes possess a more developed and sophisticated cognitive and language skills. They cannot speak like human beings. However, they can use sign language skills and other bodily gestures to communicate with each other effectively (Platt Ghazanfar, 2010). Also, based on the evolutionary and genetic terms, the species of great apes are much more close to human beings than the pro-simians. Great apes are more intelligent and can manage to exhibit human-like behavior as opposed to the latter (Platt Ghazanfar, 2010). Pro-simians and great apes differ on the lifespan perspective. Unlike, great apes which can live up to 60 years, pro-simians can only live up to 30 years. The body structure of great apes is also different from that of the Pro-simians. Contrary to great apes, pro-simians are characterized by large eyes and a more significant sensitivity of nocturnal vision, a strong sense of smell, complex tactile hairs and the large and independently movable ears (Kinzey, 2012). Although monkeys exhibit the same external physical appearance, a close scrutiny on their physical appearance makes it easier to distinguish between the old and the new world monkeys. Old world monkeys are catarrhine, and thus narrow-nosed in contrast to the new world monkeys which are platyrrhine, and hence flat-nosed (Kinzey, 2012). Also, the nostrils of the old world monkeys are closer together and open downward, whereas the nostrils of the latter are far apart from each other and open sideways (Kinzey, 2012). Additionally, there is a significant variance in size between the old world and the new world monkeys. Contrary to the new world monkeys which exhibits a smaller and medium-sized weights, old world monkeys are mostly large sized primates, and thus have greater weights (Kinzey, 2012). Unlike, the new world monkeys who are mainly tree dwellers, the latter have a wide and varied habitat such as the deserts and the rainforests. In conclusion, I believe diversity exists between the species as a result of genetic variation which make up a particular species. Genetic diversity enables species which shares the same genetic characteristics to adapt to the changing environments (Abee, 2012). Thus, when the habitat changes, the species can be able to adapt to survive. The ability of the species to adopt to the changing environmental conditions determines their ability to cope with various challenges regarding the change of the environment. Therefore, genetic diversity is essential as it is vital in determining the survival and survival and adaptability of a particular species (Kinzey, 2012).

Should both parents assume equal responsibility in raising children Essay

Should both parents assume equal responsibility in raising children - Essay Example Although this may be different to previous years, it seems that this direction is much fairer for women and gives men more interaction with their offspring. In this paper, I will be exploring the reasons behind this move towards equal parenting and whether it is right that both parents are assuming equal responsibilities for their children and how they are raised. I argue that it is fairer for women and better for children that parenting responsibles are equal. One of the main reasons why parents should assume equal responsibility in raising children is so that these children know their mother and father equally and have a good relationship with both parents, something which is important in lives. In previous years, it has been hard for children to get to know their father because he is always at work, earning money, whilst their relationship with their mother was usually good. Having a male and a female influence in the home is important for increasing harmony within the household and making the children feel as though they are loved by both parents and are valued. Another one of the main reasons that both parents should assume equal responsibilities for raising the children is that it is fairer for the women. In previous years, it has been that the woman has done all the housework and raised the kids alone, whilst the man of the home went to earn money. Although both parents worked hard, a lot of women came to feel that their talents were being wasted, particularly if they had a college education and they were fairly smart. From an outside perspective it does seem unfair that the man can have a career whilst the women is doing menial tasks and continually looking after the children. Another reason why this shared responsibility is fairer for the women is that it can be quite difficult for a women to balance all the childcare, a social life and a job, which means that she usually has to give one of

The Rewards For Caring for a Pet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Rewards For Caring for a Pet - Essay Example Having a dog as a pet is a big responsibility and requires that the owner give as much to the pet as they expect in return. A dog can't get to the doctor, shop for dog food, or open the door to go outside. The well cared for dog needs a human's attention on a regular basis. The rewards that are gained from a happy and healthy dog come from giving your dog the proper care and treatment that they need. The care for any new dog in the household begins when the puppy is just a few weeks old and lays a foundation for its future good health. As a puppy, the first trip outside the home will probably be to visit a veterinarian to get the preventative care that they need to stay healthy. The veterinarian will typically give the dog a series of shots that prevent the dog from acquiring such illnesses as distemper and rabies. This will usually be followed up at a later date by the second series of booster shots, including de-worming, that ensures that the dog will have a lifetime of immunity to the diseases that most commonly afflict dogs. These initial vet visits will be augmented throughout the life of the dog by ongoing treatments for other threats to a dog's health. The veterinarian gives the dog the first line of defense against the major canine ailments, but it is up to the owner to provide regular and ongoing treatment for additional problems that face the dog. The veterinarian can give the dog a pill that kills any existing worms and will need to work with the owner to maintain a regimen of ongoing treatment to eliminate the possibility of a lethal case of heartworms (Crans). In addition, a dog can be subject to fleas, mites, skin conditions, and ear infections that may require additional treatment. The owner needs to regularly observe the animal for signs of unusual scratching or behavior that might indicate a health problem. There are many products such as flea collars, pills, and drops that provide lasting prevention for fleas and ticks (Potter). In addition, the dog's ears require regular cleaning and many other conditions can be attended to with over the counter medicines or with the help of a veterinarian. A dog that is in good health will have a healthy appetite and it is essential to maintain a proper diet to make a happy dog. While many dogs enjoy people food, it can be a recipe for bad health. A steady diet of table scraps is usually not well balanced in terms of the fat and protein that fit the special needs of a dog. Improper feeding or overfeeding can cause a dog to become overweight and places undue strain on the dog's well being. The dog's diet should reflect the proper mix of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and vitamins. The dog's veterinarian, or reliable Internet information, can recommend good food or provide the nutrient requirements that are required for a healthy dog. Dog owners can usually do very well if they buy a high-quality dry dog food and add some meat broth, leftover vegetables, or lean meat scraps (Building a Balanced Diet). In addition to eating the correct food, it is important to not overfeed the dog. Some dogs may eat until the food is gone and the quantities will need to be monitored. The correct amounts are printed on all dog food packaging to make the owner's job easy. Following these simple steps will result in a dog that is fit and trim.

The Titanic OR The Love Canal OR BP Deepwater Horizon Spill OR Essay

The Titanic OR The Love Canal OR BP Deepwater Horizon Spill OR Fukushima Reactor Meltdown OR Wikileaks(Julian Assange) - Essay Example This implies that, what is more important to consider for an individual is the fact that she or he as a person is responsible and independently acting, and conscious being (existence) rather than the labels, stereotypes, definitions, roles, and other preconceived categories fitting the individual (essence) (Thomas 23). Basically, what this means is that the actual life of a person is what constitutes his or her true essence instead of other arbitrarily attributable essence used by other people to define her or him. Therefore, going by existentialism, a human being, through his or her own consciousness creates his or her own values which determine a meaning to his or her life. Though existentialism has its strong point, other approaches refute it. Generally, existentialism approach can offer practical and useful solutions to psychological problems, it overemphasizes three different themes namely: meaningless, isolation and death. Proponents of these approach then place (Thomas 42). Ex istentialism alongside the ethics arising out of it can be such an attractive package. The fact that in existentialism one can create his or her actions, shows that this approach can give a person a good moral base line. However, it does not imply that it necessarily does that, as it has an assortment of belief and tenets but fails to involve detailed code of ethics (Warnock 46). Each individual is left to work the issue of ethics himself or herself but within the tenets of existential through system. This gives an individual a lot of latitude to decide what is wrong and right. However, it is worth noting that some individuals may reach a spurious notion of what is right and wrong. This is one of the key weaknesses of this ethics. The second weakness is that existentialism ethics is tied up with other systems (Thomas 43). This way, it can lead those who adhere to it into wrongheaded decisions. Existential principles are entwined with established, detailed, and complex ethical system s (Thomas 25). The third weakness is that existentialism is hard to be interpreted by many people. The result of which is that few people end up using its principles as their ethical guidelines The Love Canal is the Niagara Falls chemical disaster (Brook 3). This town was not arguably known for what it was designed for â€Å"love† but for being the largest chemical disaster in North America. As existentialism will have it, William T. Love had envisioned creating a town near Niagara Falls, which will run off hydroelectricity. His plan was that the hydropower would be supplied to this town by running these canal from the upper Niagara Rivers to the lower part of this river (Brook 5). Mr. Love’s plan was to turn this canal into a shipping route with a model city, which surrounded the canal. However, this did not happen. This is because the â€Å"Panic of 1893† caused the financiers of the project to pull out their money. Mr. Love went broke which meant the end of t hese project (Brook 8). The aftermath of Mr. Love’

Taxes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Taxes - Essay Example The country moves forward on account of the government and the government moves because of the income tax. The income tax is a way for the government to acquire money for the country and the money that is collected as the income tax is used to make country brawnier in every manner. A country is conceived to be powerful if it has a rapid growth process in every field such as Science and Aeronautics, Information Technology, Army & Navy Forces, Education, Civil Services, Film industry and many more. If it seems like the taxation laws are changing every second you around, it's not your imagination. If you see, over the past eight years, changes to the Tax Code have been made at a rate of more than one a day. According to the National Taxpayer Advocate office, there were 500 alterations in 2008 solely. Many of them concerned to the 2009 tax year. Amongst countries that serve as the base location for significant global businesses, the US now stands alone as the only country with both the worldwide taxation system and the corporate taxation rate over 30%. The Administration’s offers would further cut off the US in terms of taxation policy and further disadvantages US businesses competing in the global marketplace. At a time when the rest of the world is cutting down the tax burden on the foreign operations of domestic parties, the Administration’s proposals would importantly raise the taxation burden on the foreign activities of US companies, which would have substantial implications for all stakeholders and the US economy more largely.

American military tortures of prisoners of war Term Paper

American military tortures of prisoners of war - Term Paper Example Since soldiers do not usually divulge information, the military personnel who detain hostiles as prisoners of war use different methods of torture for extracting information. Similarly, during peace time also nations come under threat of terrorist attacks, which is a major problem in nations across the world. Thus, when the military or the law enforcement agencies arrest suspects, they torture them to obtain information. In the modern day the United States of America is one nation that has become the target of many countries due to political as well as religious reasons. Politically, the nation opposes communism and as a result, countries embracing the communist political ideology have become America’s enemies. On the other hand, in religious and political context, the nation is also being targeted by Muslim radical groups. Thus, the American military as well as law enforcement agencies are often forced to resort to torturing prisoners from other nations for extracting informa tion for the purpose of safeguarding the external and internal security of their nation. While there are often allegations about countries engaged in war torturing the prisoners of war and other suspects, the complaints against the US military have been mounting in recent years, especially in the context of their role in Iraq, Afghanistan and in the crackdowns against the Al Qaeda. The general perception is that torture is being meted out by low ranking soldiers but in many cases the evidence has suggested that high ranking officers in both the military and civil administration authorize such atrocities on detainees. It is also noted that while the US government promises to punish those responsible for such acts, only the people at bottom receive the punishment and top ranking leaders get away. One of the major instances of the exposure of US torture on prisoners of war in recent days is the episode in March 28, 2004 when pictures of US soldiers inflicting torture and humiliation on the

What is the best way to learn a second language Essay

What is the best way to learn a second language - Essay Example er will consider speaking with native speakers as the preeminent manner of assimilating a new language, immersing one’s self in the community or using technological advancements in order to understand and speak the language well. Experiences of people proved that communicating with native speakers will help a person learn a new language speedily and more effectively. Therefore, the best way of learning a language is to speak with people who are fluent in the language. By communicating with native speakers, one does not only get the chance of speaking the language but also listens and gets used to the arrangement of words, grammar and other important features of the language. This speeds up the process because it demands a person’s analytical skills to be put into practice, thereby making him understand the language better. One good thing to consider is perhaps for a learner to live with the native speakers if possible. Staying with a family could be very helpful for the learner because he could observe them better and understand their manner of speech as he gets to know the members of the family. When this is not possible, living within a community of native speakers would be a good idea because a learner will have more time to communicate with the people around him. Listening to the people alone can be of great help because the learner will get used to the sounds of the language. Communicating with them will definitely be a huge advantage because one gets to practice and experiment on his observations and the things he is learning. The person applies what he learns right away and therefore, he can correct himself the earliest possible time through his observations among the native speakers. In addition, one can also quickly learn a new language through the use of technological gadgets which are readily available these days. When living with a family or community of native speakers is impossible, one can still immerse himself in the company of native

Founations of Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Founations of Human Resource Management - Essay Example He further includes the plans and strategies developed for the purpose of maintaining the desired number of employees in the organization and the employee-centered issues like incentives, motivation etc in the scope of human resource planning. HRP is therefore a title attributed to the organizational activities on the part of employers to review the labor needs of organization, which may be current or potential and then devise new strategies or revise the existing plans in order to fulfill the needs of organization. It may imply that an organization is supposed to assess employees' personal needs and potential such as the employment benefits, job appraisals, workplace environment and other motivating factors along with the organizational requirements in order to best structure the plan for human resources. If an organization completes its planning for human resources without any consideration to the needs of human resources, it might not prove to be a success because the accurate evaluation of demand and supply of labor is not a guarantee that the organization would be able to fulfill the organizational needs in future. ... Purpose of Human Resource Planning The human resource planning is an effective means to analyse any approaching contingencies and threats to the goals of the organization. Mullins (1996) explains that proper assessment and analysis of employee deficiency and efficiency can lead to before time evaluation of problems threatening the accomplishment of organizational objectives. He further states that the purpose of this planning is to enable an organization to determine and resolve the labor-related issues before they can actually occur. The chief objectives of human resource planning as illuminated by Bramham (1987) and Mullins (1996), are summarized below: To provide an organization with the necessary information and assessment regarding the employees not quantitative but also qualitative in nature. For instance, the expertise, qualification, experience and other qualities that an organization needs. To assist an organization on the way to determine, analyze and devise effective training and development programs in order to make the existing and potential employees capable to be utilized for the accomplishment of organizational objectives. This should not only indicate a specific type of training program, but also specify their length, duration, and dimensions. To enable the management to realize the needed quantity and quality of workforce in order to avoid under or over staffing that may result in higher costs for the organization. This type of planning helps an organization to find suitable ways to reduce the cost on employees by staffing efficient and skilled workplace and emphasizing on quality rather than quantity. To allow the organization to foresee the future competition and market requirements that might need the contribution of skilled

International Business Essay Example for Free

International Business Essay The social and economic catastrophe was one of the worst problems after World War I and lasted through the 20th century. The Battle of Ideas, was a battle between the power of government and the forces of the marketplace. For over half of a century, the world was moving toward a government control from a communist world to a mixed economy. In the 1980s the old policies of these economies began to fail dramatically, and two economist were battling the ideas of what they thought will work better for our geopolitical landscape. John Maynard Keynes was from Britain and believed his revolutionary theories on unemployment and recession was going to help government take a lot more control over their economy. Friedrich von Hayek was an Australian and advocated for a free-market capitalism. Ludwig von Mises was an economist that predicted that new Soviet socialist economy would never work, because the government controlled wages and prices. These prices are the very heart or centerpiece in which is what makes the economy work, without these set standards our economy would be in chaos. This is one of the effect that has been on our geopolitical landscape. Like suggested in the video â€Å"with our traffic signals the street will be in chaos.† That is the same with our economy if we do not have a centerpiece, guidelines or standards this can cause a chain reaction not just in one economy but all over the world. There is a lot of connection to Globalization in these videos. The world was moving from a communist economy to a mixed economy. In the videos it talks about The World Bank Group and The International Monetary Fund, both of these play a huge role in Globalization and are global institutions. Some of the supporting factors of Globalization in the video were as follows, technologies changed played a big part in the changing economy. Better telecommunication factors helped people communicate quicker and help people get the important information that was needed. This is very important because the faster they can communicate the quicker everyone is on the same page and know what is going on in the economies. In the video they also talked a lot about political economy, political systems such as a democracy and totalitarianism. They also were also showing the differences between market, command, and mixed economies. I also saw connection between legal systems such as common law, and civic law. The regulations and standards they try to set to create less chaos were some examples of the legal systems. These systems helped get the economy back on its feet. Cultural and society plays a big role in connection to these videos. I do believe what John Maynard Keynes theory was suggestion. If the people were not afraid to spend some money and go out and purchase items, this will help the economy get its feet back up like they did after â€Å"The Great Depression.† I also think this depends on this theory because not everyone has money to spend, or savings to use. I think the government needs to have set standards to help create jobs and help create an income for the people.

The Influence of Chinese Culture on Buddhism Essay Example for Free

The Influence of Chinese Culture on Buddhism Essay Buddhism was originally developed in India and brought to China over the silk road, and later to some extent through southeast Asia around the first century A.D.. This was during a time when the then reigning Han dynasty was in a state of chaos and Confucianism was being discredited by some intellectuals. The Chinese people therefore came to identify Confucianism with the failing dynasty, and sought a new ideology to take place of stale Confucian thinking. The exact date of the coming of Buddhism to China is unknown, but by 64 A. D. Buddhist monks had introduced written scripture into China. At first Buddhism was not popular in China. Interest took several centuries to grow because of Buddhisms incongruities with Chinese thought, as well as translation problems (Sanskrit to Chinese). Because Buddhism first entered through Chinas trading routes with Central Asia, it was seen as the religion of foreign merchants. Consequently, Large scale translation of Buddhist texts did not truly get under way until the 6th to 8th centuries A.D. This resulted in the wider distribution of Buddhism being delayed several centuries. Buddhism was difficult for the Chinese to accept because it was mysterious and hard to understand. Not straight-forward like Confucian teachings, more like the ambiguity of Taoism (Jin 1), also. it was foreign. Moreover, Buddhism did not focus on problems of state as Confucianism did, and because the study of Confucianism was required material for the exams of public office, practical males preferred its study to that of Buddhism. Moreover, the Buddhist stress on personal fulfillment (even the Buddha left his family to search for revelation (Jin 1)) seemed counterintuitive to the Chinese values of family and ancestor worship. As the religion became more widespread the Chinese people began to adapt distinctly Chinese forms of Buddhism. There were three major types of Chinese Buddhism. The first was Pure Land Buddhism and it was started by Hui Yuan; this type of Buddhism focused on devotion to the Amitabha Buddha  in the belief that after death they would be born again in Western Paradise (Pure Land). In this religion worship of the Bodhisattva Guan-Yin was also very important (Jin). Chan or Zen Buddhism was founded by Hui-neng. It was hostile toward all scripture and dogma. The Zen Buddhists meditated on illogical riddles in order to gain enlightenment (Jin). Chih-I founded Tien Tai Buddhism whose primary emphasis was placed on the recitation and study of the Lotus Sutra (Jin). To thrive in China, Buddhism had to be transformed into a system that could exist within the Chinese way of life. Thus,  obscure Indian sutras that advocated filial piety became core texts in China. Buddhism was made compatible with ancestor worship and participation in Chinas hierarchical system. Works were written arguing that the salvation of an individual was a benefit to that individuals society and family, and monks thus contributed to the greater good. (Wikipedia, Buddhism in China) Popular Chinese Buddhism therefore, was fairly removed from the ideals that came from India. The basic ideas of karmic retribution, samsara, and nirvana came through intact, but in order to make Buddhism more palatable to the Chinese, it had to be adapted to their preexisting beliefs such as those previously mentioned. The portrayal of the netherworld in popular Chinese Buddhism highlights these changes in several ways. The Chinese not only translated Buddhist texts, but also began to directly associate the Buddhist ideas of the netherworld with those conceptions already popular in China. To begin, the (pre-Buddhist) Chinese believed in the [Taoist] concept of a world of the dead usually thought to be located beneath Mt. Tai in Shantung (Gjertson #1, 118). However, according to Professor Gjertson, the idea of hell as a location for punishment was due to the influence of Buddhism, and was not see in literature until the 6th century, where it is seen in Taoist scriptures. Also in popular Chinese Buddhist works the hells take on the anatomy of the then current bureaucratic and physical structures of China. Or, as Gjertson in his article entitled Popular Buddhism and Karmic Retribution describes, The nether world, at least superficially, was  conceived as a construct physically and bureaucratically similar to the world of the living (Gjertson 134). Often, someones death was likened to a live person being called to serve an office. For example in the story of Tuan Tzu-ching in which one of two inseparable friends, Liang, dies suddenly and when he arrives in the ghost realm he discovers that the position of Chief Clerk (a very prestigious position) has become available. Liang immediately suggests his (living) friend Tuan for the position. King Yama, the king of the dead, then looked at Tuans record and discovered that Tuan was not scheduled to die until he was ninety-seven, and he was then just thirty-two so he allowed Liang to visit his friend and invite him to take this office in the netherworld. Tuan agrees, and three days later he dies in order to take up his new position as Chief Clerk in the netherworld. This story shows a person literally dying in order to gain a bureaucratic appointment. Mentioned in Tale Number 19, Sui Jen-chien, is a description of the physical similarities between the netherworld and the world of the living. A ghost explains to a man that he serves as administrator of Lin-hu. The man, inquires of the whereabouts of the area and the name of its king and is told, The state of Lin-hu comprises everything northwest of the Yellow River The capital is northwest of Lou-fan, in the desert. The King used to be King Wu-ling of the Chao, but he now controls this country. Everything is under the administration of Mt. Tai and every month the highest ministers are sent there to attend court (Gjertson #3, 196). Directly referenced here are specific locations in the netherworld which seem to correspond to the living world. The ghost says, the King used to be King Wu-ling of the Chao, but he now controls this country, this must mean that King Wu-ling controls the corollary land, metaphorically under that of the living country to which it seems they refer. The idea of karma, that a person would be judged by their actions, whether they be morally right or wrong is and idea obviously intrinsic to the Buddhist faith; the belief [t]hat the acts were judged, and the appropriate retribution assigned, in a nether-world court administered by an extensive staff of officials and their assistants is, however, a feature uniquely Chinese (Gjertson #1, 143). In a tale taken from Tang Lins Ming-pao chi for example, a man if brought before a judge of the underworld and accused of cooking six eggs as well as killing two ducks and two oxen, for this, the judge decides, he should be punished. The man protests, crying out loudly, This office is being grossly unjust! (Gjertson #2, 301) The man explains that they have not heard his good deeds, and since the judicial system is indeed a fair one, they are heard, but still his evil deeds outweigh his good, and he is sentenced. This clearly exemplifies the idea of a Chinese judicial system governing the popular Chinese Buddhist workings of karma. In conclusion, the Buddhist religion has proved that it can accommodate in many ways, the Chinese people. Upon its arrival in China it satisfied a need of the people for a new religion under which to unite at the tragic fall of an empire. During this turbulent period in China, two major developments took place in Buddhism. One group consisting mostly of the sophisticated gentry dwelled on the philosophical and mystical aspects of Buddhism, while the other group dominated by rural farmers followed Buddhism in their own superstitious and simple ways imparting to it in the process a peculiar Chinese character. Buddhism stretched even more to allow for translation using Taoist terminology because the Chinese language did not possess a conceptual apparatus adequate for the abstract thought of Buddhism. The use of these familiar Taoist concepts contributed significantly to the spread of Buddhism in China. Buddhist teaching were changed in many ways to accommodate traditional Chinese sensibilities, but the religion changed China as well, leaving in its wake years of rich culture and traditional Buddhist writings that no longer exist in their original Indian form. Works Cited (#1) Gjertson, Donald. Popular Buddhism and Karmic Retribution. Also Sui Jen-chien, Kung Ko, and Chang Fa-i. From Miraculous Retribution: A Study and Translation of Tang Lins Ming-pao chi, Berkeley: University of California Berkeley, Berkeley Buddhist Study Series Volume 8, 1989. (#2) Gjertson, Donald. The Early Chinese Buddhist Miracle Tale: A Preliminary Survey, in The Journal of the American Oriental Society 101.3, 1981. Jin, Shunde. Buddhism In China. (handout for Chinese 231 Traditional Chinese Culture, Ohio State University, 1998). http://www.cohums.ohio-state.edu/deall/jin.3/c231/handouts/h10.htm Wikipedia. Buddhism in China. Local Interpretation of Indian Texts. Updated: 3/31/2004. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_China#Relation_to_Confucianism _and_Daoism

Factors Affecting the Oxidation of Iron Alloys

Factors Affecting the Oxidation of Iron Alloys Abstract This paper is about the prevention of the formation of Iron Oxide. For the purpose of this investigation three coatings have been electroplated to the steel electrodes. The electrodes were then placed next to a salt solution approximately the same as that of ocean water .The mass changes in the metal were then measured and placed into a data table. From this data table I made a column graph to clearly show how the effects of each of the coatings had on the rate of oxidation of the steel electrodes. The mass change of the electrodes was shown through the measuring of these electrodes both before and after the two week space of time in which they were allowed to rust. The results that were obtained from the investigation have proved to be conclusive with the hypothesis that was suggested. This shows that the best way of protecting metal from corrosion was through the usage of copper as a complete coating of the electrode. This action also showed that current methods of galvanization protected some areas but as soon as there was any disturbance in the surface of the metal the corrosion of the iron took hold and rust was formed where the zinc oxide layer receded from. The overall way that the three coatings worked was that copper was the best followed by zing and finally the nickel coating proved to be worst actually accelerating the decomposition of the steel electrode. Introduction The destruction of steel around the ocean’s salty air has been a consistent battle by both fishermen and mariners throughout history. Growing up around the ocean has left me with little doubt about the destructive power of the oceans salty air. The formation of Iron III Oxide and Iron II Oxide more commonly known as rust has always been a problem affecting the local ocean side businesses. The problem of rusting has been around for thousands of years from when man first began to create things made of steel. The first early processes to prevent rusting were to simply cover the metal in animal fat or oil this hydrophobic covering was the main way in which materials were treated to prevent the buildup of iron oxide. The invention of electroplating of metals changed how metals were treated thereafter. Having and interest in maritime transport and seeing how the massive hulls of ships were constructed from steel. Steel has tendency to rust as well as to become highly susceptible to the effects of salt water. Salt water is an aqueous sodium chloride solution acts as an electrolyte solution which allows for rusting to occur at a more significant rate. The prevention of rusting of the hulls of ships is to attach zinc blocks to the hulls of ships. I became aware of this method because one day as I was diving I saw a round block that was attached to the engine of our skiff. When I asked what it was my father told me it was a zinc block. The zinc block reacts with the salt water to create a basic solution which prevents the formation of the iron oxide on the hulls of these tankers. Another method that is commonly used by mariners to combat the ever-present effects of the oxidation on the building materials is a process known as galvanization. Galvanization is the process by which a thin layer of zinc is electrically fused onto the surface of the steel. This fusing of zinc to the surface of the steel is known as electroplating. The electro plating of various metals t o the surface of steel has been used as both a way to decorate the steel and as a ways of protecting the surfaces from either corrosion or the buildup of an oxide layer. The usage of copper as a coating was originally used when huge sheets of hammered copper were affixed to the hulls of ships to prevent drill worms from entering the wood as well as to prevent the buildup of bio fouling organic material such as moss or barnacles because copper oxide is mildly poisonous. I wanted to investigate whether metals that experienced similar resistance to oxidation also proved to be beneficial in the coating of steel to prevent the buildup the damaging iron oxides. I have also seen that nickel copper and zinc have each been used in the coating of metals for both the purposes of chemical prevention of degradation of coated metal to decorative uses. Back ground information The composition of sea water (sodium chloride solution) Ocean water is usually around 35 parts per thousand of salt vs water this means that the sodium chloride content in salt water is around 3.5% of the total volume. Therefore in 1 kg of salt water there is 35grams of salt. (Seawater 01 Apr 2014) The composition of steel Steel is an iron alloy which consists of: Plain Steel Carbon 1.35% Is used to strengthen the iron in the composition of steel Manganese 1.65% Is to react with the sulphur in the composition of steel and this reaction increases the heat resistance of the steel. Phosphorous .04% Used to reduce the corrosion present on the surface of the steel Sulfur .05% May cause steel to become too porous and prone to cracking if the manganese mixture is not correct. Silicon .06% Acts as a deoxidizer in the steel making process (â€Å"Steel† January 06 2014) Rusting chemical equations: [The rusting of iron is an electrochemical process that begins with the transfer of electrons from iron to oxygen. The iron is the reducing agent (gives up electrons) while the oxygen is the oxidizing agent (gains electrons). The rate of corrosion is affected by water and accelerated by electrolytes, as illustrated by the effects of road salt on the corrosion of automobiles. The key reaction is the reduction of oxygen: O2 + 4à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  e− + 2à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  H2O → 4à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  OH− Because it forms hydroxide ions, this process is strongly affected by the presence of acid. Indeed, the corrosion of most metals by oxygen is accelerated at low pH. Providing the electrons for the above reaction is the oxidation of iron that may be described as follows: Fe → Fe2+ + 2à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  e− The following redox reaction also occurs in the presence of water and is crucial to the formation of rust: 4à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  Fe2+ + O2 → 4à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  Fe3+ + 2à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…  O2−]†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦(1) (Dufour , 01 Mar. 2014) The reasoning behind why the coatings work A galvanic anode is the main component of a galvanic cathode protection system. This protection system is usually referred to a (CP) system. The usage of a more reactive metal to be sacrificed instead of the metallic structure is known as sacrificial. The sacrificial anode is usually made from a metal that has a higher electric potential than that of the object being protected. This electrical potential causes the sacrificial anode to be corroded instead of the other ferrous material. Electro plating definition/ Apparatus [Electroplating is a process that uses electrical current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a coherent metal coating on an electrode. The term is also used for electrical oxidation of anions onto a solid substrate, as in the formation silver chloride on silver wire to make silver/silver-chloride electrodes. Electroplating is primarily used to change the surface properties of an object (e.g. abrasion and wear resistance, corrosion protection, lubricity, aesthetic qualities, etc.), but may also be used to build up thickness on undersized parts or to form objects by electroforming.]†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (2) (Dufour 01 2014) This apparatus is used in the majority of tanks which is used to be able to coat metals with the ions in the solution. This is done when an electrical charge is applied to the apparatus and causes a flow in the ions of solution. This flow of elections causes the ions dissolved in the solution to coat the surface of the target metal. The usage of the same metal as is dissolved in solution insures that the overall concentration of ions in solution never diminishes and ensures that there is a continuous flow of the ions in the electrolyte solution. The oxidation processes of copper, nickel, And zinc Copper 2 CuSO4+ 2 Na2CO3+ H2O → Cu2(OH)2CO3+ 2 Na2SO4+ CO2 Nickel 2Ni(s) + Oà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¡(g) → 2NiO(s) Zinc 2Zn(s) + O2(g) → 2ZnO(s) Both nickel and zinc do not react with water however the constant dissociation of the ions in salt water create a thin layer around the metals which is resistant to corrosion. Copper does the same thing as these other two metals however it does react with air and water to from a (patina) this patina is copper oxide layer. This copper oxide layer turns green and a highly resistant coating that is in susceptible further chemical oxidation. Research question How do different metal coatings affect the rate of Iron oxides forming on the surface of iron and iron alloys? The research question is to determine how through the plating of several different metals onto a steel strip the rate at which these steel strips become oxidized to become Iron oxide. To investigate the rate I am going to take these strips of steel, ensure that they are free of any oxidation, and coat them with exactly the same mass of each of the metals (Copper, Nickel, and Zinc). After measuring the mass of each of these cleaned pieces of metal I am then going to set up an electrolytic cell and plate three steel strips with copper. Then three with nickel ,then three with zinc and finally have three test strips to investigate how much of a difference ,if any, the coatings help the Steel to resist the formation of iron oxide Hypothesis I Believe that the copper coating will be the most proficient in saving the steel beneath it from any and all corrosion, The zinc would be second best in the prevention in the buildup of the rust as it would act as a sacrificial anode, finally when the nickel plated metal is to be weighed I believe that it will have seen the greatest increase in mass out of the differently coated metal strips. The copper coating would experience the least amount of corrosion. This is because the copper would form a small amount of oxide around the entire steel strip. This protective layer is the main reason that the steel strip would not be affected as much as the other metals. However if there is a piece of the protective coating that may become scratched there would be a significant increase in the rate of rusting by the steel strip. This significant increase in the overall rate of rusting is due to the fact that the iron alloy namely steel would act as a sacrificial anode and this particular trait would cause the formation of iron oxide to increase. The zinc coating would experience a very different accumulation of the oxidation. This is because the zinc will act as a Cathode protection system of the overall strip of steel. This protection system would cause an initial gain in mass however the sacrificial nature of the zinc, once all of the zinc has reacted, the iron would begin to rust. The nickel would be the least effective because it is even less reactive than the copper. This means that the effectiveness of the nickel would further increase the effectiveness of the steel as becoming a sacrificial anode this sacrificial anode would mean that rather than the iron being protected by the nickel the nickel would be protected by the corrosion of the steel strip. Variables Controlled The temperature of the solutions being electrolyised This may have increased the rate at which the electrodes were coated with the copper, nickel and zinc The salt content of the water the samples were placed next to This may have changed and there would have been an increase in the production of rust on the steel electrodes The balance that the masses were measured on Different balances may have changed the readings of the masses of the electrodes The molarity/ concentration of the solutions used to electroplate the steel electrodes A difference in the concentration of the solutions used may have caused excess etching of the steel and may have caused certain electrodes to become more or less oxidized. The mass of the electrodes that were electrolyised The mass of the electrodes was attempted to be kept the same however they were slightly different but each one was recorded. Independent The amount of time for which the electrodes were left to rust. Dependent The mass of rusting / oxidation present after two weeks Apparatus Methodology-Experimentation Placement of the steel cathode and the metal solutions source metal as an anode. Make sure both the steel strip and the copper anode as free of any corrosion/ oxidation before the submersion of the electrodes Make a 1 molar solution of copper sulphate /zinc chloride/Nickel chloride Fill a 100 cm ³ beaker with the .5 molar solution of the metal salt solution. Place a 2 volt charge onto the system Electrolyize till there is a thorough coating around the entire steel strip The coating will add around .5 grams of weight to the steel strip. Then take the electrode and gently place it on a piece of paper towel. Wait until the coated steel strip has dried thoroughly If necessary use steel wool to clean away any scum/ produce a shiny surface on the electro plated surfaces. Place the metal strips where they are exposed to both moisture and sodium chloride solution approximately the same as sea water.(22ppt) Measure the mass change of the metal after 2 weeks make any other observations such as color change. Raw data Copper Zinc Nickel Steel untreated (Control) Analyised Data-Graph Analysis of the graph This graph shows that the copper was the best at preventing the overall gain in the mass of the steel electrode. This prevention in the gaining of mass was mainly due to the fact that the copper made a complete coating around the entire steel electrode. This coating proved to create a thin film of copper oxide shown to be present on the surface of the electrode because of a slight green color that was beginning to form around the corners of the electrode. The zinc proved to be worse than even the control this was due to the fact that the zinc oxide formed also had mass and then the steel also started to become oxidized by the time the two weeks had passed. Although the areas of the electrode which were covered in the zinc oxide there was no iron oxide. The surface of the electrode was spotted with dark brownish red patches this means that there were small rust patches along with the zinc oxide which accounts for the slightly higher mass than that of the control. The reasoning behind why the nickel plated steel electrode had a high mass increase is because of the tendency of the sacrificial anode to be the most reactive metal. The nickel was a lot less reactive than the steel electrode. The fact that the steel electrode was higher along the reactivity series than that of the nickel used caused the steel to become â€Å"sacrificed† in the place of the nickel. This reason is why the steel was most affected in the coating containing the nickel. Conclusion After my testing the hypothesis was proven to be correct. This proving of the hypothesis allowed for me to be able to ascertain that the best way in which to treat steel was with a complete copper covering and secondly with a zinc coating . These two ways in which the metals may be treated are feasible in the fact that zinc bars are usually attached to underwater structures this prevention is known as CP system. This CP prevention is highly affective however it requires a lot of up keep and it does not completely protect the entire surface of the steel as was seen by my testing results. The only one of the results that seemed to have completely worked was the copper coating. The coating of the steel by copper created a hydrophobic coating of copper oxide. The copper oxide had a slight increase in the mass measured by the balance. This slight increase in the mass was due to the fact that the salty air was not able to reach the steel electrode. This prevention ultimately allowed for th e electrode to become protected from the oxidation. The overall way in which the metals were protected is going to allow for me to take my findings and apply them to the everyday usage in which I have begun to realize that we use both electrolysis and oxidation prevention on a daily basis. Possible improvements The amounts of retests as well as the length of testing may be increased this increase in length of testing can allow to see the amount of time taken for the complete disintegration of the metal. The increase of testing of the metals will allow for the in accurate nature for these results as well as the nature by which the metals have been protected from the corrosion. The accuracy of the testing may have been increased through the usage of metal which may have been free of corrosion unlike the metal which I have used. The metal that I used for my expirement had already been heavily corroded and I had to clean it with strong acid as well as to use some sand paper to clean the surface of the metal. After the cleaning of the metal I was only able to remove some of the corrosion. This major limitation of my expirement was that I wasn’t able to clean the corrosion which might have caused the copper coating not to adhere to the surface of the electrode. Finally the most major limit ation of my expirement was the time I had in which to complete the experiments. Firstly I had to wait for the materials to arrive for which to be able begin my expirement, my chemicals as well to get the metal strips cut from a long sheet. Bibliography Jim, Dufour. Electroplating.Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 01 Mar. 2014. Web. 06 Jan. 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroplating>. Rust.Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 01 Aug. 2014. Web. 09 Jan. 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust>. Seawater.Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 01 Apr. 2014. Web. 06 Jan. 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seawater American Experience: TVs Most-watched History Series.PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2014. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/streamliners-steel/>.

Jay-Z Bio :: essays research papers

Jay-Z was born Shawn Corey Carter on December 4, 1969. He grew up in the infamous Marcy projects in Brooklyn with a sister and a brother. You would think that just growing up on the Marcy projects would be hard enough on a kid, but at the age of twelve, Shawn’s parents got a divorce. Shawn then attended the Brooklyn High school with two of today’s better known rappers, Biggie Smalls and Busta Rhymes. Shawn Carter was an intelligent and promising student, but he had behavior problems. He was introduced to the life of drugs and crime at the age of 16, where he stayed and didn’t look back until, in 1992, he decided to leave the world of drugs and crime. Soon after doing this he began looking for a record deal as a solo artist. But Shawn just wasn’t getting lucky. It wasn't until a friend, Roc-A-Fella CEO Damon Dash, convinced him to form a record company with him that Jay-Z's career finally got off the ground. Jay-Z released his first single through Roc-A-Fella in 1995, "In My Lifetime." It was a hit in New York, and helped Dash secure a distribution deal for Jay-Z’s first album, â€Å"Reasonable Doubt.† Although â€Å"Reasonable Doubt† wasn’t a huge success, it showed that the young man from Brooklyn had skills and was not to be taken lightly. More importantly, it earned the admirations from stars as varied from Notorious B.I.G. to Ice Cube. One of his songs even made its way onto the nutty professor soundtrack. Shawn’s career only went up from there. In 1997, Jay-Z's follow-up, In My Lifetime, Vol. 1, peaked at #3 on the Billboard album charts, and helped establish his career and mainstream success. He continued releasing top selling records until 2003, when he announced the release of the Black Album as his last record.

Star Wars and Religion Essay -- Star Wars Film Movies Religious Essays

Star Wars and Religion Methodology In conducting my research on Star Wars, I wanted to make sure that I kind of found a variety of sources. I decided to do my field report on Star Wars originally because I was aware that I needed to include an interview component in this report. I immediately thought of my R.A., who just happens to be an incredibly huge Star Wars fan. I knew that I would have to investigate some element of the movies and religion has always been a very controversial topic within the Star Wars "universe". To research the topic I went through the IU Libraries Database and retrieved articles about Lucas and his beliefs about religion and about pop culture spirituality and the movies in general. I also held an interview with my R.A., Veronica Lloyd on the subject. She proved to be a very good source of knowledge on both sides of the issue at hand because she is a religious studies major as well as a Star Wars fanatic. Description I found that though the movies are a pop culture phenomena, there are still unanswered questions. Even the biggest of fans are not certain about what the relationship between religion and Star Wars is. In the interview with Veronica, she mentioned that "it's kind of a mixture of things" (Lloyd, 161), maybe it's really something that will never be decided upon, but that hasn't stopped anyone from exploring the issue from all angles. I discovered a very interesting interview done by Bill Moyer with George Lucas, where he asks some of the questions that we all want answers to, but even Lucas doesn't know everything. It's interesting to me that the author and film maker does not know the answers to questions about his own work, but I understand the reasons why he doesn't. Lucas ... ...port. I think a more detailed form would serve to cover more angles, but also that there are so many angles to this topic that maybe too many would just be too much. I was interested in the topic and I think that helped to make the research and interview process easier to accomplish. I also think that I have a little more respect for the work of George Lucas and for those that know they are the true fans, they deserve the title. Works Cited Baker, Barbara J. "The Star Wars Trilogy". Magill's Guide to Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature. 1996. (*for general plot summaries) Johnson, Brian D. 1999. "The Second Coming". Maclean's. 24 May. Vol 112. Issue 21. p 14. Lloyd, Veronica. 2001. Interview by Jenny Hettenbach, 30 November, Bloomington, Indiana. Tape recording. SW1. Moyers, Bill. 1999. "Of Myth and Men." Time. 26 Apr. Vol 153. Issue 16. p 90.

Budgeting Issues :: essays papers

Budgeting Issues Music programs have a history of getting pushed aside in favor of subjects considered to be more academically valuable. From the 1970’s onward, music and arts have been routinely cut from school budgets. Until recently, New York City lacked almost any arts education program, and the Los Angeles school district had one specialty arts teacher per 4,700 students (Coeyman, 1998). According to the California Department of Education, the percentage of children who have access to music education has declined by half over the past five years (American). In addition, California schools are considering removing any music requirement for graduation (American). There are two main reasons for these cuts: money and test scores (Moran, 2004). In the wake of the No Child Left Behind Act, music education has been yet again squeezed from school budgets and schedules. With pressure mounting to raise reading and math scores, school administrators have added more reading and math classes th at leave little opportunity for elective courses like music (Moran, 2004). Music teacher employment has been decreased to the point that in Seattle, eleven teachers teach all of the elementary music classes in the district’s seventy schools (de Barros, 2004). No Child Left Behind Though No Child Left Behind is intended to improve the education system of the United States, interpretations of the act have lead to cuts in music education programs across the nation. While No Child Left Behind is a good idea in theory, in practice it has yet to work. The focus of funding has turned from what is good for students to what will help raise test scores. Paul Young, former president of the National Association of Elementary School Principals, commented on the trend among his colleagues to shrink funding for music education. As stated in a press release, â€Å"Music education helps a student learn ‘how to think,’ and without it schools are only ‘creating kids who are able to pass tests’† (Andrews, 2003). He is further quoted as saying, "When you take the arts away, particularly music, you're messing with a community's identity. Those principals out there who don't understand that and are only focusing on test scores are making a mis take" (Andrews, 2003). Secretary of Education Rod Paige echoes Young’s sentiments: â€Å"No Child Left Behind included the arts as a core academic subject because of their importance to a child’s education† (2004).

Course Reflection

At the beginning of this course, I was a little bit scared because it was my first online class. I almost considered dropping the course, but now I can’t believe I am at the end of it. I found this course very interesting and productive. In the first instance, I think the syllabus, which is an outline of course of study, a summary or the list of topics of a course or lectures that student’s collect from their teachers perfectly explained everything regarding the course ranging from the book requirement to the grading system.Nevertheless, I sometimes get nervous when there is not enough information but this is usually outside the class environment. I also did not have to worry about MLA format, because the sample for each assignment was always on a Blackboard. Moreover, I learned new information on MLA format and online research. I am sure that these skills that I have acquired will be of invaluable help to me in the future. Similarly, I enjoyed reading during this class . I think it was the purpose of our instructor to make this course more interesting and exciting by giving out such famous books for the class.Even though I read these books before, I enjoyed them better when I went over them again. In my opinion, the course was great. Our professor minimized students’ worries and inconveniences by providing numerous and well organized information. I think this is important for any class most especially for online classes. Today, as I engage my cerebral neurons in the pensive thoughts of those sweat experiences, the fascinating endearment and the academic fun derived from my online course without the losing my focus, it corrects my previous notion that there cannot be serious academic work in the atmosphere where there is some fun.

‘That doom abided, / but in time it would come’ (Beowulf, lines 83-4)

It is indeed immediately evident to the lecturer (or listener) of Beowulf, that the poesy is heavily laden with themes of emergency and destiny. I would even go as far as saying that it is partly the weight that these themes l shoemakers last that gives Beowulf its rich and graceful quality.These themes ar present throughout the text, for suit the creation of Heorot comes with the prophecy of its end of the world, with its gables wide and high up and awaiting / a barbarous burning (lines 82-3). We are as wellspring as given the cause for such(prenominal) a fate, that is to say production line controversy betwixt in-laws. The inevitable doom associated with blood feuds, and its associated fratricide, is to a fault present at the end of the text with the wild prediction of the war and destruction of the Geat nation at the Shylfings evanesces. It is similarly interesting to note here that the song is book ended by funerals, wipeout being the inevitable conclusion o f fate, and also with prophecy, particularly effective for a modern au slip awaynce knowledgeable of the outcomes of such prognostications.However, it is in the episode of Beowulfs fight against the dragon that we go out the most signposted manifestation of fateHe was sad at heart,Unsettled withal ready, sensing his last.His fate hovered get on, unknowable only when certain (2419-2421)From the offset, we are told that Beowulf will die in this final battle, with the effect of fixture our perception of the final fight we guess it as tragic and epical, this warrior king trash despite sensing his fate near at hand. This gives the weight to the dragon fight, gives it its grim, poetical beauty. Here fate is expressed as a sense of foreboding, external to each value judgement. This would have a excogitation familiar to the Germanic impost of wyrd, or doom.However, if this is to be considered as evidence of the Anglo-Saxon concept of doom, because in the poesy we are also ab le to test the Christian equivalent, which give the bounce perhaps be better referred to as reverent sparing. In this interpretation of destiny, on that point is an integral theatrical role of judgement, whereby destiny is set out by divinity fudge. This approach to destiny can be seen at numerous shoot fors, for fashion model a comfort sent / by god to that nation (13-4). Here we can understandably see the order of Christian beliefs in the narrative voice of the poet. The evidence of divine intervention can be plant elsewhere in Beowulf, for example in his fight against Grendels motherIt was subdued for the Lord,the formula of Heaven, to redress the balanceonce Beowulf got patronise on his feet. (1554-6)This has the effect of showing that every last(predicate) outcomes are ultimately attributable to God, here reinforcing the positive characterisation of Beowulf by basically saying that God is in rear of him.The poet was here faced with a challenge when intertwini ng the themes of Christian providence and pleasure seeker wyrd, namely how do you tell an essentially ethnic story of a warrior hero plot staying true to a contrasting theological belief?In reply, we can depict several features of the Beowulf poem that support a satisfactory reconciliation of these apparently antithetical themes. The first is an identification of Beowulf and the other Germanic pagan heroes with God through their encounter to evil. An exemplification of this is that Grendel is intimately associated with sin and hell, for example in the description of him as a fiend out of hell (100) and the departurehe had dwelt for a timein misery among the banished monsters,Cains clan, whom the Creator had outlawedand condemned as outcasts. (104-7)Therefore, if Beowulf represents the purging factor that destroys the evil of Grendel and his mother, then by implication he is set as an agent of God, an important point as it demonstrates that he is under the influence of provid ence whilst still subject to his doom.In a number of ways the heroic characters are distanced from the paganism that they historically must(prenominal) hold, in particular they adhere to characteristically Christian formulas of worship. An example of this is They thanked God / for that easy crossing on a take root sea (227-8), which is instantly recognisable as an un-pagan thanksgiving to the providence of a oneness God. Indeed, throughout Beowulf there are signs that these pagans worshiped a monotheistic precursor to Christianity, rather than the polytheistic idol worship that would be extremely difficult to excuse from a Christian viewpoint.Thomas D. Hill points out that this would allow an approach similar to later humanists, such as Dante who placed such figures as Aristotle, Cato and Rifeo (all pagan) variously in hell, limbo or heaven. This in turn has the effect of allowing the providence theme to sit alongside that of doom because the distancing of the heroic characters from paganism conversely allows their more(prenominal) believable association with Gods fate.To further this effect, there is a selective assimilation of Christian sources into the poem. This is exampled by the numerous references to the Old testament, in particular to the race of Giants e.g. and the giants too who strove with God (113) and to the original sin and banishment of Cain for the move out of Abel (105-114). This enables a listener from a Germanic culture to more readily require the Christian overtones, as the Old Testament is notably closer to their own in its values than the New Testament, as well as the characters to be portrayed as what Hill refers to as Noachites, a spate possessing the intrinsic monotheism of Noah but before the revealed knowledge of God granted to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, a tradition culminated by the revelation of Law to Moses.Thus, although at one point the poem does iterate that they were damned as pagans because The Almighty measure / of good deeds and bad, the Lord God, / was hidden to them (180-3) (which is possibly explained as an interpolation), it enables the poet to suggest that these pagan heroes could, in fact, be fated for redemption by God and in death go to heaven, such as Hrethel who chose Gods light (2469).Thus, we can see how the poet of Beowulf reconciles these two divergent themes of fate and destiny, on one hand doom and on the other providence. In this respect the poem therefore also represents a much larger exceed co-assimilation and synthesis of the Germanic and Christian traditions. The resulting comely balance struck by the poet between them is highly interesting from a literary viewpoint and also gives the poem an exquisite and rich atmosphere.ConclusionThus we can see how the poet reconciles these two different strands of fate, on one hand doom and on the other providence. In this respect the poem therefore also represents the co-assimilation of the Germanic and Christian traditions .

Current Event on India Essay

India is seeking information from china as to why their remnant of swop is so skewed. china has been exporting to India far more than it has been importing. This scenario has been reflected globally, with some(prenominal) countries wondering why chinaware has reduced their imports so much. China has also put a illegalize on Indian Iron Ore, their main export, do more tension between the new countries. China professes to be increasing their trade annually, pulling them tabu of the worldwide recession, but many economists and financial experts, including some within China itself, are skeptical as to the legitimacy of these statements.This article relates to our international economicals building block that we just completed. China has put a exile on iron ore and slackened their rate of import of Indian goods, causing a problem in their balance of trade. The article was easy to follow and understand out-of-pocket to the lesson that we just completed on trade barriers. The article also shows how government as well as business has a role in promoting trade and controlling the amount of trade that occurs between special countries.I feel that China is being unsporting to India by not granting them the information that they request. Refusing to trade with a country is iodine thing, but severely bring down trade without an explanation is uncalled for and suspicious. Their decisions regarding imports and exports affect a big part of the world economy because of their economic strength. Their exile on Iron Ore from India is specifically detrimental to Indias balance of trade because of its dependency on the take on for iron ore as an export. With China being one of its largest consumers, this severely impedes Indias development. As an Indian economic analyst, I would be seriously questioning Chinas intentions after this move.

Child Abuse Cases in US

many kidskinren confirm at the handcuffs of adults often their experience p argonnts. They be beaten, kicked, propel into w distributivelys, and/or burned with cig arttes. They pitch their heads held under the urine supply of potty bowls, ar scalded by blue water or they atomic fitting turn 18 squeeze to go in let looseze proveers until they recommendation pop pop a berth. A tyke could be stuffed into campaign wash out machines or sexu e very(prenominal) last(predicate)y molested, begin from sink in the unionizes of starving and involve of medical relegateup anxiety, and ease go over assureing fored by out military positionrs.In fact, it is estimated that collar kidskinren part distributively(prenominal) twenty- tetrad hour point in snip in the U. S. solo from champion form of nipper rib or a nonher. It is a stinking rule that has no facility measure of rules to murder dispatch the persisting hassle. contrasting postu lates demand varied methods and institute on withncies to suffice obstruct malignment in the domicil, hardly a(prenominal) run a fashion preferably tumefy trance smart(prenominal)s pelt a touch-and-go adventure when it comes to the biography or moral nominate of a nestling. The little upshot of cobblers lasts distri yetively con pattern of instruction is non cognize because of the conclusion of nigh essential investigatings that could be guess as kid shame that atomic number 18 seen as overt and fold demolition expressions.A draw from the national mall on pincer smear and Neglect, however, depicts much than than trinity zillion cover ups of aver sister contumely practices in the favorable class of 1995 al unmatched. many a(prenominal) to a greater extent(prenominal) infantren ar financial backing with wickedness kind of a than demise from it, too. So what move be world interpreted to hold dear our nations s askrren? all in all submits evolve a modality a electric s expectr guard duty-related run (or cycle per flake) governance. This is the governmental ashes trustworthy for investigate tells of electric razor vitiate or miscarry. In tell subsequently kingdom, the cycles/second representation inescapably the resources to exercise ablely to the enkindle number of reports it is legislatively mandated to investigate. all in all 50 defers pose nestling roast reportage practice of virtues requiring reports of pretend clapperclaw to be do by qualify professionals and archeozoic(a)s whose educate brings them into invariable r distributively with peasantren. whatever citizen whitethorn report guess twist as verbalise laws contri howevere for reports to be do to the cycles/second role or its equivalent, or to a law enforcement agency. In roughly conveys, investigations argon conducted by hertz personnel, although law enforcement ships of ficers whitethorn wish wellwise be snarled. The staple adjoin of claw offbeat get toers is for the undecomposedty of the pincer.appraisal of the trys problematical in expiration a claw with its family moldiness be do pronto because electric s fetchrren dirty dognot be aloof from their fami lie ins arbitrarily. one clipping a squirt has been eradicated, the name and channelize of small fry public avail agencies is to pass away the kidskin to the family. Ideally, grounds thespians check a excogitation to offer up p bents with the raising of the financial aid that baberen fatality, exculpate from aversion or negligence. This end is not invariably carried out to its blanket(a) intention. No state has the financial resources to gene stray all the fiddle to the peasantren and families who rent them.A problem is that in state by and by state, cycle per second proletarians accommodate prodigal human faceloads, be nonrecreational eco nomic crisis salaries, and pre statusit adequate bringing up for the raw work involved in analyze cry reports, and military issue part in findings to remove chel atomic number 18n from their families wherefore placing them in rear bang. The dollar volume stray among fry public doance workers is exceptionally noble. A report with by the get together States department of wellness and gracious serve showed the rate of 30 part to be the norm, annually. whatsoever the rationality miserable funding, unprocurable operate for kidskinren and families, high derangement rates, lack of instruct, sweep over total of reports questions be macrocosm increase approximately the CPS arrangement. The form is effect on the ef face upery that remotion from a roiling family, surveyed by a echo to the family when that faecal matter be do safely, is trounce for the electric razor. A antithetical advance to the problems created by peasant iniquity invol ves Family conservation beget (FPS). removal of the insecurity of exposure, quite a than the kidskin, is the endeavor of Family rescue advantages.FPS designs prove to guide on a breatherrict the nucleotide purlieu or behavior of several(prenominal) other family members so that it is at least as safe for the tike to confront in the mob as to be removed. Family rescue is base on the supposition that out of kinsperson assistance hurts churlren, and on the perception that tight fitting to families referred to baby encourageive Service deal and want to need late ship force outal of grapple with stress. kinda than breakout families apart in auberge to c ar for them, intensifier family rescue run strain to protect electric shaverren and touch on families by tutelage them whole.Specifically, FPS digests intensive run in the architectural planetary residence to all the members of a dissolute family for a relatively pitiful judg ment of conviction foursome to half a dozen weeks. overlord modules be normally delegate two, un slight no more than than four, families at a m. Caseworkers argon accessible to families cardinal hours a day, cardinal days a week. A worker behind assay as want as have a bun in the ovenment to steady the household, whether that content sextet, ten, or 12 hours. decennium states have initiated FPS course of instructions by edict including California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, tender York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, and tungsten Virginia.Homebuilders, an FPS program bring in in Tacoma, Washington, shows the b channel- manners outpouring sagacity of the posture of family delivery put to work. From 1981 to 1994, Homebuilders motto 3,497 nestlingren. rating entropy indicted that deuce-ace months aft(prenominal) terminate the program, an reasonable of 94 per centum of the families had avoided out o f al-Qaeda office berth. Twelve-month follow up data showed that positioning had been averted in 88 percent of the vitrines. Furthermore, the salute for Homebuilders family run was lone(prenominal) $3000 per cause season the cost for an average out advance family ingleside sitment in the state was $7586. at that place is a voltaic pile side to the Family economy Service, though. The racetrack move into of FPS seems impressive, scarce a next look at other(prenominal) side reveals its not doing such a ample job. accord to the Clarke Foundation, on that point has neer been a case of maternal ill- interference or throw off causation honorable reproach or the death of a child bandage receiving family economy function. plainly if since the FPS bequeaths operate for a relatively bunco period of honorable a few weeks, in that location is no way of accurately predicting if subsequently that small measurement of notification that the lifts atom ic number 18 on the spur of the moment get to lot for a child.A worker however corset in the house for a supreme of twelve hours that is not abundantsighted large to esteem whether the child is in bumpiness and the certain character of the nourishs. Of course no one is loss to deplete or poorly harm a child in front of a human race go official. No studies are uncommitted that show whether the profane reoccurred later the Family rescue Services four to vi weeks with the family was finished. The division of Family run takes another glide path to staying child ill-treat. The staff is change integrity into social units, on the job(p) a manakin of shifts and functions to lift out fork over the function unavoidable by the children and families.The resolution unit is trustworthy for receiving all reports of child sophisticate, neglect, and dependency. They chink the re disgorgeation of the allegations and the countenance result time for initiat ing investigation of the allegations. formerly maltreat or neglect is found or noteworthy risk of its concomitant is set, cases are transferred to the treatment unit. Workers in these units are obligated for prizeing family needs and connecting the family with provide resources and function to address those identified areas.They are alike amenable for observe the familys triumph at utilizing the on tap(predicate) serve, and communication with various service providers to assess the current gum elastic of the children and the turn up of the family. They c stand cases when signifi hobot give has been achieved to steal or slander the on passing risk of tread to the children. The comprehensive nuclear fusion reaction whole is responsible for(p) for(p) for providing intensive reunion services for children who behind potentially communicate rest home indoors six months. round work some with the children, their ingrained family, and the economic aid pr ovider to assist liquid transitions and winning reunification. When the stopping point of reverting children to their rude(a) families is no continuing take into account, the social workers compose resultant role of maternal Rights (TPR) petitions, which, erst dapple approve by Family Court, deed over children to start out free for acceptance. They ready long term raise vex plans for those children whose maternal(p) rights have been terminated, but for whom sufferance or reverting them to the home is not an appropriate last.They are overly responsible for providing assistance passim the comeion answer to nourish prosperous surrogate placements. It has been shown that through most person-to-person accounts, that provokes neer unfeignedly look to take pull off of their children without utilize ill-treat. Because of this, it seems quite synthetical to excite the main direction on protect the child, and thus if move them to their family is asse ssed as being completely logical, that is the way to go. I intimate that a brass of threesome strikes-your out be put throughed. With this, the parent ordain lose rights to the child for a piteous time while they go through culture and instruction.If they are deemed not insane, consequently they may perplexity for the child once more with the specimen of what depart come on to them. They provide have a sort of loose officer that result check up on the family annually. On the second offense, there pull up stakes be bring forward counseling, lock up time, and other agency of reform. If they are tending(p) custody again, they allow be suss out on a great deal and unscheduled. If they bear not suitcase the child without abuse from there, the child go away be put up for adoption. thither are very long delay lists for parents who would contend to adopt a child and entrust provide a attractive family that should be utilized.The state would let the sunri se(prenominal) parents take grapple of the child financially, but would make for counseling of that child and training for the rest of the family on how to cut on the abused. If in later years, the parent has save him/herself, then they testament be allowed to promise and take the child on trips and be allowed to be a friend. aft(prenominal) the child has reached the age of eight-teen the will be allowed to dissolve who they would like to flummox with. No system for child breastplate is going to be full-proof. on that point are steps that can be interpreted to better them. whatsoever system is only as good as the commonwealth who implement it. object lesson Kaye Steinmetz of second is proposing formula to require additive training for baby preventative service workers, establish a state team to assist with investigations of tricky cases, and provide for statewide protocols to recoup out proper investigations. congresswoman Debbie Stabenow of dinero advocates e arly realisation of parents at risk of decent abusers. geographical mile perinatal coaching pop the question is an framework of this. real by the states peasantrens depone Fund, the shake off matches parent military volunteers with parents of newborns. through with(predicate) the childs first year, the volunteer provides hold back to the parents, whether that involves advice around trail or other areas that new parents may find difficult. A alike(p) program called Family Skill-Builder is offered in the state of Massachusetts. It offers an in home case steering series for families who are at risk of abusing and neglecting their children. Its intentional to prevent child abuse and neglect and to avail families function independently. Deborah Daro, music director of search for the topic deputation for cake of Child Abuse, has some(prenominal) suggestions for legislators to consider.She maintains that states need to provide more services for victims of abuse, peculiarly therapeutic, curative and donjon services. She says, States as well need to look at the step of promote solicitude. rear caveat ought to be more than alone well-favored a child a place to live. The goal in preventing child abuse should be permanence and constancy for the child, whether that subject matter a return to the family or, in some cases, exhalation of maternal(p) rights and adoption. The to begin with that can be achieved the better.This can be thoroughgoing(a) by panorama up time tables for look back of treasure care cases, and by establishing specific criteria for permanency be after and final result of paternal rights. another(prenominal) pigment in preventing child abuse is evaluating each concomitant case by case. Placing a child in comfort care may be the beaver decision for that token case, while intensive family preservation services superpower be outgo for another. The scoop out answer may lie in a combine of the ideas of several(predicate) organizations. soulfulness attention to each case would modify a plan to get each family on the road to a good, stable, and gentle family life in less time.

Genting

1. 0 gateway I take on Genting Berhad as the giving medication for the strategical counselling composing. I worked in Awana Genting High trims around unity stratum onward I worked in regimen sector. Awana Genting High knock d possesss is whiz of the half a dozen hotels infra the Genting Berhad. Genting Berhad is a perplexity fix and enthronization retention of Genting sort. It was founded by the belatedly bronze Sri Lim Goh Tong in 1965 when he privation to come a 20 km access pass crosswise craggy which was fit(p) intimately 2000-metres to a higher clothe take aim sea. bronze Sri Lim Kok Thay is with by delay the prexy and nous administrator of Genting Berhad.Genting Berhad is a Malaysian political party with inte pillows in a course of fields. The group comprises of more than than 15,000 employees, 11,000 nation of relapse land and 156,000 land of pickax woodlet land passim Malaysia. The ph unmatchedr is princip solelyy an enthronisa tion belongings and counseling guild with cardinal study occupancy social classs, such(prenominal) as void & cordial reception, woodlets, quality, power, paper, and coer & gas. The waste & cordial reception socio-economic class is repre displaceed by legion(predicate) spend steel names. This di flock operates in a vicissitude of beas, and includes the cognitive operation of over 30 feed and potable outlets.They are human body of accommodation where at that place select half a dozen hotels, physical composition commonality and attraction, outside(a) shows, playing period experience, unoccupied cruising and come acrosss and conventions. Their vision is to be wind leisure, hospitality and enjoyment sight in the world, (Annual deal 2008). oil color wield finale is the of import military action of the woodlet Division. The division is do up of 41,000 hectares of syllabustation land. The Genting comp whatevers enfolding in the straitlacedty ripening sector enables it to see to it its strategy of memory land-based assets for long-term gravid custody and growth potential.In 1971, the shares of Genting Berhad were listed on the principal(prenominal) tabular array of Kuala Lumpur rootage convert (KLSE). In November 2007, Genting Berhad became one of the biggest listed companies in Malaysia with a market place uppercaseisation of RM29. 2 million (US$8. 74 billion). 2. 0 collection corporate social structure The wag has their own responsibilities for the proper address in the business. The progress d completelyying is usually on a quarterly basis. They lease stiff plan specifically close for its decisions standardised one-year in operation(p) plan, study capital projects, general strategic direction, inancial surgical operation and supervise of the roots operating. formal posting missions completed by the board with the enrol that is to say the inspect committal, nomination ci tizens committee, stipend military commission that suffice the lineup in the slay of its duties. In addition, The wit is responsible for(p) for the Groups agreement of national avow and try counsel. This is of import to appraise their unity and adequacy. Moreover, it is for the purposes of safeguarding the Groups assets and shareholders investment.According to Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), leaders is distributed in the government activity that supports the stream of cognition from the place to the bring in and land to the rest of the organization. The Group too swan in place a stake management address in gild to encourage the identity card recognizing and evaluating the managing risks. The analyze commission has portion relationships with the international auditor. away auditors tended to(p) all scrutinize mission clashs in order to audit their plan or report and comments on the audited financial statements. The direction were responsible appr ove the natural audit for the Group and the guild.They also subscribe to to sort out resources to identify any risks areas. They also subscribe reviewed the internal and extraneous plan for the Group and the company with the external editors. The hop on reviewed the deed of the Committee either terce age to go down whether they produce carried out their duties. In ground of meeting, the Committees meet at to the lowest degree quadruplet propagation a year. The escritoire of the Committee hustling and sent all proceedings of for each one meeting to the Committee members. understand more http//www. ukessays. com/essays/business-strategy/strategic-management-report. phpixzz2R4aHL6sb